The American Pageant by Kennedy Cohen-Bailey Essay

The American Pageant by Kennedy Cohen-Bailey - Essay Example Most of it was brought about by the need to expand the trade borders of the American people. America was linked in many ways to Cuba than just at the time of the war. Cuba was one of the major producers of sugar and major suppliers to the USA. The Wilson-Gorman tariff imposed on Cuba by America to protect the sugar growers in America invariably raised the price of sugar and the Cuban economy suffered as a result. The misrule by the Spanish of its colony in Cuba created a lot of unrest. The Cubans fought the 10year battle of independence from 1868 to 1878 and tried to drive the Spanish away by destruction of property including cane fields and blowing up of passenger trains. The situation peaked when Spain sent tyrant General Wyeley in 1895 to Cuba. Wesley took it upon himself to crush the rebellion and opened up re-concentration camps, imprisoned and isolated the Cuban revolutionaries from the Filipino revolutionaries in their war of independence. Many perished and â€Å"died like do gs† (Bailey, 629). from unsanitary conditions in the camps. The American people rose against this atrocities to the Cubans and wanted war but the then president Grover Cleveland was against it and even motioned to strike against congress if they were to declare war against Spain and send troops to Cuba. This resolve, however, did not last very long as there were many other factors at stake than America was unwilling to admit to at that time. US also had a stake in the war because it was not really comfortable with having a European colony that close to its own borders. The unrest in Cuba was straining US trade relations in the region and threatening US investments in Cuba. There was also fear that its access to Panama would affect future sea trade routes.  

Psychodynamic approach Essay Example for Free

Psychodynamic approach Essay P1 – Explain the principle psychological perspectives. M1 – Assess different psychological approaches to study. Sigmund Freud developed an approach which was the first psychological approach that elucidated behaviour. Freud discovered the psychoanalysis, which is a technique for curing mental illness and also a theory which explains human behaviour. Psychoanalysis is recognised as the talking cure. Normally, Freud would inspire his patients to talk freely (on his famous couch) concerning their symptoms and to explain precisely what was on their mind. He also states ‘The iceberg which has 3 levels known as the conscious mind, preconscious and unconscious mind. Freud compared himself to an archaeologist digging away layers of the human mind, and found three discrete parts of the mind. He was the earliest philosophers to get public awareness the concept that we are not conscious of all our features all the time. He proposed that what we are conscious of is represented on our conscious mind but that most of our memories, feelings and mind he named as ‘unconscious’. We don’t have access to the contents of our unconscious, but they occasionally ‘leak out’ in dreams and slips of the tongue. Freud’s first elucidated behaviour by his iceberg analogy. He suggested that the conscious mind was like the tip of an iceberg –merely a small part being accessible to consciousness. Part of the unconscious that we can easily access he named it the preconscious. This can be used in health and social care as health carers can identify what is happening in the client’s conscious mind and identify any faults there might be such as depression and schizophrenia and possibly phobias. Sigmund Freud proposed that we have inborn drives that stimulates our conducts in the form of the mind. These are known as the ego, superego and the id. The id occurs at birth and is the base of our unconscious inclination. It works on the gratification concept to get instant pleasure, so it prevents pain and therefore it is very egocentric. The id is the origin of a supernatural known as Libido. The superego  develops throughout the age of five years and entails principles and values. It is the child’s ego and moral sense which constructs the paragon of what the child wishes to be. Our ego is developed throughout our childhood and it enables the child to learn that getting instant gratification is not always feasible and that a lot of the time pain cannot be prevented The ego operates on the actuality principle because it decides what actions are most convenient and what to avoid from the id. It also tries to balance the requirements of the id and superego with the actualit y of life so we can do what normal individuals do by using the defence mechanisms. Depending on Sigmund our defence mechanisms are used in order to manage unconscious dispute amongst ego, superego and id. These disputes might be unconscious or conscious and the defence mechanisms work in an unconscious manner to wards of any disagreeable feelings and make things better for the person. There are four key defence systems that are used by the ego. An example is displacement. Displacement is when people’s emotional state towards the actual goal cannot be expressed and where accepting faults cause concern and worry that causes moods to be interchanged on to other objects. For instance an individual blaming their parents for their performance as of them not raising them properly instead of blaming their self. Denial is another ego defence mechanism that is where someone cannot accept a specific truth. Individuals might object to believe occurrence or acknowledge emotions as of worry and concern, thus specific awareness is not dealt with. For instance, someone who is unwell might reject to believe this. Repression†¯is another well-known defence mechanism. Repression acts to keep information out of†¯conscious†¯recognition. Though, these memories dont just vanish; they endure to impact our behaviour. For example, a person who has repressed memories of abuse suffered as a child might later have troubles making relationships. The final ego defence mechanism is regression. This is where people act out behaviours from the†¯stage of psychosexual development†¯in which they are fixated. For instance, someone fixated at an earlier developmental stage may cry or sulk as of hearing dissatisfying news upon. Behaviours related to regression can differ significantly depending  upon which stage the individual is fixated at. Someone fixated at the†¯oral stage†¯may start eating or smoking immoderately or may become verbally violent. A fixation at the†¯anal stage†¯might result in immoderate tidiness or messiness. Sigmund also developed the psychosexual stages of development. He supposed that character is chiefly started throughout the age of five years because early experiences play a great role in the development of character and endure to impact behaviour in the future. He believed that our character develop in stages in which pleasure-seeking drives of the id commence to focus on erogenous places. The driving power behind our performance was elucidated by psychosexual energy known as the libido. Through completing the stages successfully the person can develop a good character. Though, if the stages are not completed appropriately and specific matters at the stage are not sorted out. Then, it results in fixation. Fixation is where there is a continuous focus on an earlier psychosexual stage as of unsorted dispute. The person will continue to be stuck at this stage if the dispute is not resolved. There are five stages to the psychosexual that Freud suggested. The first stage is the oral stage, at this stage the child is 0-1 years of age and the chief source of libido is the mouth. Here the child will relish consuming food along with placing objects into their mouth. The essential impact at this stage is the mother because the child will link the mother and food with love. If they are neglected from food or are fed involuntarily then it may well cause matters in the future. If a child is weaning from liquid to solid foods they need to learn to be patient for food to be cooked instead of having food instantly. The second stage is the anal stage. At this stage the child is one to three years of age and the child will feel a sense of pleasure in the anus. The child will feel gratification from expelling or holding in excrement. The essential effect at this stage is being taught on how to use the toilet. The child will learn when and where they are intended to release excrement which will prevent fixation. Added to that, the child  would be capable to sway their parents by their bowel movements, because their parent’s devotion and approbation depends on whether or not they release excrement when they ask to be able to go to the toilet. Though, being too stern on the child being permitted to toilet training could possibly lead to fixation, also because the child might develop to become anal impetuous. The third stage is the phallic stage where the child is three to five years of age. The key source of libido here is the child’s penis or vagina and pleasure is obtained from masturbation. At this stage the child will encounter Electra complex and associate with their mother if they are female, whereas if the child is a male they will encounter Oedipus complex where he will associate with his father. Through being affected by this information positively, the superego is developed and they include the morals of the self-same sex parent along with association of gender and sex duties. If they do not associate with the self-same sex parent then they will become fixated at this level and this could possibly lead to homosexuality. The fourth stage is the latency period. At this period the child is six years of age. The latent period is a time of investigation in which the sexual drive is still present, but it is directed into other areas like intellectual pursuits and social interactions. They have reached puberty and the key source of gratification is playing with peers of both sexes. During this stage the child is active with playing with their peers that not much befalls in terms of sexuality. If fixation befalls here the child will not feel content with members of the incompatible sex because they grow up and will find it to build heterosexual relationships. This stage is essential in the development of social and communication skills and self-confidence. The final stage is the genital stage which arises from puberty and the key source of libido/gratification here is having sexual intercourse with others. At this stage the persons interests and feelings towards others benefit will develop and they try to create a balance among their discrete lifestyles. If fixation has arose throughout any other stage, it will become  obvious at this psychosexual stage. Though, a different concept was suggested by Erik Erikson which approved with Freud’s theory to a degree. This was Erik Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development. He thought like Freud that everyone grows in stages, however these stages endure during our life and rather than having a greater focus on the lust for indulgence we must deem our need to be tolerated also. Erikson suggested eight psychosocial stages of development. Stage one is where the child is aged from zero to one years of age and the focal point is how the infant is raised. If they are raised in the right way, then they will form trust, but if the infant isn’t raised in the right way, then the infant will begin to not trust parents/guardians and their surroundings. Stage two is where the child is aged from one to three years of age and the focal point is being permitted to freedom. If this is done appropriately the child will develop some sort of autonomy. If they are continuously criticised the child will interrogate their own aptitude. Stage three is where the child is three to six years of age and begin to interact with the everyone. If the child is persuaded to endeavour different things and develop different skills and qualities, it will enable them to develop capabilities and self-assurance. However, if the child is continuously criticised and made culpable, then it will cause low confidence. Stage four is where the child is six to twelve years of age and focuses on the knowledge of how things operate. If the child begins to accomplish practical jobs they will form some kind of hard work however, if they are being pressured on specific tasks that they cannot accomplish will cause subservient and make them feel incapable. Stage five is where the person is twelve to eighteen years of age and the main focus at this stage is developing some sort of individuality by experimentation. Through being permitted to do the experiment, the child could then possibly develop a secure identity. However, not experimenting means they do not create a secure identity and causes misperception and negative identity. Stage six is where the person is aged eighteen to forty years of age and will focus on discovering new relationships to lead to long term commitments with each other. By creating these secure and committed relationships the sense of safety and be associated to devotion leads to a sense of love. Though,  through ignoring closeness and having phobia of commitment can cause the person to isolate them-selves and this little amount of love and could cause depression. Stage seven is where the person is aged forty to sixty five and the main focus is creating a career and having a family. Through having a career and giving back to society by parenting children and participating in community services, the person receives a sense of love and care. However, not getting participating with society could possibly cause a feeling of wasting life and being unfruitful. Stage eight is the final stage and here the person is over the age f sixty five. The person’s focal point at this stage is working less actively and intensely and think about their accomplishments during the course of their life. Through, performing this successfully, the person develops the merit of understanding that enables them to look back on their life with a feeling of accomplishment. This way the person is then able to can accept passing deprived of being afraid. Though, if the person has feelings of culpability about their life or has an insufficient achievement which will cause feelings of lead to feelings of desolation and frequently depression and as a result phobia of death. A benefit of the psychodynamic approach is that it is developed in stages. These stages make it easier to examine and give back up due to the fact that the stages are simple and easy to follow and acknowledge, therefore, making it easier to gather support for. On top of this, the stages developed by Erikson have more logic than Freud’s psychosexual stages because they make sense and are easy to acknowledge. This means that it can be easily implemented in health and social care practises. For instance in the counselling and treatment centre the health and social care workers are then able to use their insight of the eight stages of Erikson’s concept to detect why the person is feeling dejected has insufficient autonomy and tried to give most appropriate remedy. Though, some issues can be discovered with the psychodynamic approach. A problem is that the approach doesn’t use scientific methodology which means that it is based on opinions. This makes it hard to depend on the results because they are not a dependable source. This insufficient facts means the  approach is can be proven false. On top of this, a lot of the backing research originates from case studies. Though, these enable us to get in detailed information about one person. They might not be the most convenient when it comes to application to other people because the results can’t be generalised to the overall populace. A well-known case study that has been implement by Freud was the case of Little Hans, which was used as assistance for his psychodynamic approach. Little Hans had a fear of horses because he thought that they would hurt him or cause chaos. Little Han’s dad after being consulted by Freud, interpreted his fear through saying that the horses looked like his dad and that the phobia of being bitten signifies the fact that Little Hans was encountering the Oedipus complex and had a phobia of being castrated by his dad as of his feelings about his mum Little Han’s father and played a role his analyst and interpreted his sexual desires and associated these back to the Oedipus complex. Though, there are numerous factors to the Little Han’s case study that have been neglected. For instance, Little Han’s was more petrified of his mum because she threatened to cut off his penis because he was persistently fiddling with it. Also, after Freud spent some time with Little Han’s his parents split up. This means that Little Han’s phobia might be as of the reason that his parents ended their marriage and not be as of Oedipus complex. On top of this, his mum was also spiteful to her baby daughter, therefore it can possibly be that the ‘row’ he was scared of was the crying of his baby sister. Additionally, Freud analyse Little Han’s fear him-self. It was his dad who used Freud’s instructions in order to cure Little Han’s phobia. This means that, as his dad is not an expert analyst, he didn’t get the ideal remedy and the interpretations made might have possible been wrong, and so leading to inadequate remedies . This case study indicates that there are numerous different factors that Freud didn’t deem which could have been the motive of Little Han’s’ phobia. His phobia might have been better elucidated through operant conditioning. Little Han’s had witnessed a falling horse before, therefore, it might be that he related his fear at that instant with the falling horse and therefore develop the phobia.   However, Freud was capable to gather an adequate amount of data about Little Han’s which helped him in the explanation of his fear. However, his case studies are subject to partiality as most of his case studies focused on middle-class Victorian female, however some of his cases focused on males. This indicates that his results are sex bias and might not be relevant to the opposite sex. Also, his explanation are opinion based which means that they might vary to another psychoanalyst’s explanation. This could possible lead to issues to the welfare of the person who will not get remedies as of dissimilar information they are getting. Another problem with the psychodynamic approach is that the therapies people get entails time and dedication. This means that the client needs to be dedicated in the remedy in order for them to recover. Another therapy like medicine might possibly be quicker, however psychoanalysis has a more long term effect on the person. Where remedies can lead to deterioration, psychoanalysis will alter the client’s perception and lead to long term modifications. This is beneficial for the patient because at the therapy and counselling centre, they will be aware that the dedication and time will be useful, also will identify long term modification after some time.

Sympathy for the Devil Essay -- Literary Analysis, Frankenstein

The gothic novel is previously associated with being a ‘rebellion against constraining neoclassical aesthetic ideals of order and unity, in order to recover a suppressed primitive and barbaric imaginative freedom.’ (Botting, 1996: 98) It is often considered a premature manifestation of the emerging values of Romanticism. Although the gothic genre is somewhat shadowy and difficult to define it can be seen as having a number of characteristics or conventions. This can be observed in Frankenstein including the ‘stereotypical settings, characters and plots, an interest in the sublime, the production of excessive emotion in the reader, an emphasis on suspense, the notion of the double and the presence of the supernatural.’ (Botting, 1996: 102) The genre develops more than an understanding of the various modes of destructive violence, social repressions, and disturbing sexual energies characterizing particular moments of modernity. It begins to be integral to the formation self-representation and maintenance of the modern world we inhabit. The degree in which the protagonist characters in the novel portrayed as either innately virtuous or evil and its contribution to their identity. The novel Frankenstein finds itself a victim of psychoanalytical criticism. The purpose of this essay is to investigate the identity of Frankenstein and his relation to the creature using the psychoanalytic theory. This essay will discuss the evidence showing the reason why the creature is a more appealing character by observing closely the relationship between Victor Frankenstein and his monster. In addition, the epistolary form used in the novel as well as character development will also be referenced. The monster represents a part of Frankenstein's fr... ... the horrific result of in her novel. Frankenstein is more than a ghost story; it is a social narrative and a political manifesto. Neither Victor nor his creation displays actions or attitudes that constitute â€Å"goodness† under this particular perception of human nature. Yet the creature continues to prove him more sympathetic than his creator does because he is far more aware of his own wrongness than Victor is. Victor is appallingly hypocritical; the monster is merely realistic, and indignant towards Victor’s hypocrisy. The creature's acknowledgment for his need of affection is present throughout the entirety of the novel. By acknowledging that he lacks affection, he discovers he needs to search for it since Frankenstein suppressed him from it. It is because affection is unachievable for the creature, despite his efforts, which makes him the victim of this novel. Sympathy for the Devil Essay -- Literary Analysis, Frankenstein The gothic novel is previously associated with being a ‘rebellion against constraining neoclassical aesthetic ideals of order and unity, in order to recover a suppressed primitive and barbaric imaginative freedom.’ (Botting, 1996: 98) It is often considered a premature manifestation of the emerging values of Romanticism. Although the gothic genre is somewhat shadowy and difficult to define it can be seen as having a number of characteristics or conventions. This can be observed in Frankenstein including the ‘stereotypical settings, characters and plots, an interest in the sublime, the production of excessive emotion in the reader, an emphasis on suspense, the notion of the double and the presence of the supernatural.’ (Botting, 1996: 102) The genre develops more than an understanding of the various modes of destructive violence, social repressions, and disturbing sexual energies characterizing particular moments of modernity. It begins to be integral to the formation self-representation and maintenance of the modern world we inhabit. The degree in which the protagonist characters in the novel portrayed as either innately virtuous or evil and its contribution to their identity. The novel Frankenstein finds itself a victim of psychoanalytical criticism. The purpose of this essay is to investigate the identity of Frankenstein and his relation to the creature using the psychoanalytic theory. This essay will discuss the evidence showing the reason why the creature is a more appealing character by observing closely the relationship between Victor Frankenstein and his monster. In addition, the epistolary form used in the novel as well as character development will also be referenced. The monster represents a part of Frankenstein's fr... ... the horrific result of in her novel. Frankenstein is more than a ghost story; it is a social narrative and a political manifesto. Neither Victor nor his creation displays actions or attitudes that constitute â€Å"goodness† under this particular perception of human nature. Yet the creature continues to prove him more sympathetic than his creator does because he is far more aware of his own wrongness than Victor is. Victor is appallingly hypocritical; the monster is merely realistic, and indignant towards Victor’s hypocrisy. The creature's acknowledgment for his need of affection is present throughout the entirety of the novel. By acknowledging that he lacks affection, he discovers he needs to search for it since Frankenstein suppressed him from it. It is because affection is unachievable for the creature, despite his efforts, which makes him the victim of this novel.

Motivational Factors of Themed Park: an Edge to Guest’s Satisfaction and Loyalty Essay

Introduction When we hear the words themed park, the first thing that comes to our mind is enjoyment. The themed park is for people who love adventures those who crave for fun and excitement and also for people who want to unwind from their work. It can be avenue to relax and a place where our social skills are enhanced. The fun, laughter, experience and enjoyment one would get from this place can replenish one’s drive for work and study. It will give people a positive feeling that results to positive outlook towards life, work and family. In order to get good and healthy disposition, having fun is essential not only to the body but also to the soul. On top of all these, the safety of the guests is the top priority. The guests will enjoy more if they know that the rides that they will be riding are safe. Securing the safety of the guests is one of the many ways to make a good impression and to make them feel important that they are being taking cared of. When the guests enjoy their stay in the theme park, and they feel seemed, and they feel that it’s worth their money, this is an indication of customer satisfaction. Customer’s satisfaction can only be attained with quality services and unforgettable experiences. When there is met, customers will increase and they will become loyal. In this study, the researchers would like to know what are the strategies or gimmicks used by theme parks to attract customers. The researchers would also like to study the safety procedures practiced in making the rides safe and secure. Background of the study People at the Brgy. Sto Cristo, San Isidro, Nueva Ecija is delighted to have the newest themed park in the province. Carron Dream Park is the biggest themed park in the North of Luzon. The themed park opened it doors to the public just recently, November 2012, yet has been already getting its own loyal customers. The name itself is derived from the owner’s children, Carylle who is the Vice President for design and Ronil from the Finance Department. Carron was a realization of Mr. Ramon Santos dream. From being a former janitor, Mr. Santos climbed the ladder of success and he currently owns the only manufacturing company who is making different amusement rides in the Philippines. Carron Dreampark is a showcase of different rides made by Westech. Westech is the manufacturing company owned by Mr. Santos, it is the makers of some of the popular rides seen in the Philippines, to name a few of their satisfied clients are the popular MOA Eye, SM Malls, Robinsons Malls, Worlds of Fun and Timezone. Westech created their own welding school to train welders from Nueva Ecija. Initially having 17 rides and 4 attractions on their first phase, it is expected to pick up more customers in the addition of rides and attractions this year. Currently, a lot of neighboring provinces have already discovered the theme park, Including: Tarlac, Bulacan, Nueva Vizcaya and of course the people of Nueva Ecija who are their primary target customers. Next on their list are the 10 million people of their secondary target market which is Metro Manila. Making the visitors happy is their primary objective. One thing that guides them and tells them that their marketing strategy has been very effective is that first, they have encouraged the customers to visit their place, second is when they see the satisfaction and enjoyment of the customers. Part of their brand wide paper is the safety and security of the customers. Carron Dreampark wants to tell the public that the place is safe and secure. The rides have pass the standards of South korea, as well as other countries. Carron Dreampark is also guided by the International Standards of Imagining Another Future For Asia. The two-hectares theme park is still on its expansion, so expect to find more and exciting rides next year. Statement of the Problem The researchers would like to know the motivational factors of Themed Park as an edge to guest satisfaction. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions: 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of: 1. 1 Age 1. 2 Gender 1. 3 Civil Status 1. 4 Educational Background 1. 5 Occupation 1. 6 Monthly Income 2. What are the Motivational Factors of Themed Parks that are enjoyed by the guests according to: 2. 1 Promotional Materials 2. 2 Pricing 2. 3 Staff Service 2. 4 Participatives in exhibits 2. 5 T. V Exposures 2. 6 Radio Announcement 3. How do these Motivational Factors influence the guests? 4. Based from the findings of the study what recommendations can be made? Hypothesis The motivational factors of Themed Park has no impact on the satisfaction and loyalty of guest. Theoretical Framework This study is adopted based on Maslow’s Heirarchy of needs, which states It is a theory in psychology proposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper â€Å"A Theory of Human Motivation†. Maslow subsequently extended the idea to include his observations of humans’ innate curiosity. His theories parallel many other theories of human developmental psychology, some of which focus on describing the stages of growth in humans. Maslow used the terms physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, self-actualization, and push and pull model needs to describe the pattern that human motivations generally move through. (Principles of Tourims 1 by Buen Santos and Ronald g. Manzano) In relation to the study, it can also identify the personalities of the guest and now they can be satisfied and will eventually become loyal customers. This study can help the management of the themed park in making a promos, constructing amenities, and creating services that will cater to the different personalities and needs of the guests. (http://ph. images. search. yahoo. com/images/view) Conceptual Framework INPUT| PROCESS| OUTPUT| – Profile of the respondent: †¢ age †¢ gender †¢ civil status †¢educational background †¢ occupation †¢ monthly income | – Assesment of the motivational factors of themed park as an edge to guest satisfaction and loyalty:†¢ Promotional material†¢Pricing†¢Staff Service†¢ Participatives in exhibits†¢T. V Exposures†¢Radio Announcement| – Awareness of guest of the theme park. – curiosity of guest results to visiting the park. – increased profit for the theme park management| This research paradigm will be patterned on the input – process – output modeling wherein the motivational factors of theme park will be revealed. Importance of the Study The following will benefit from the results of the study: Theme Park Visitors. Based on the results of the study, the management will have a data that will serve as a basis to improve their theme park to increase the level of customer satisfaction and will result to more loyal customers. Other Theme Park Establishments. They may use the results gathered as a basis for improvement of their theme park. Researchers. The relevant data gathered would help the researchers to better understand the Hospitality Management in terms of managing a business and handling difficulties in a business. Students of College of International Hospitality Management. This will provide them with knowledge on how marketing strategies work on the Hospitality Industry. Scope and Delimitation The study will concentrate on the motivational factors of themed park. The respondents of the study will be the guests who visited the Carron Dream Park. The study will be conducted at Carron Dream Park at Brgy. Santo Cristo, San Isidro, Nueva Ecija on the second semester of the Academic Year 2013-2014. Definition of terms: The following terms are operationally defined for clearer understanding. Amusement park. This is a place wherein people go for enjoyment and relaxation. Amenities. Available in the themed park for customers consumption. Customers. These are the people who visits themed parks. Entrance Fee. This refers to the monetary equivalent to which the guest can enter the premises. Perception. This is how the guests interpret the place, the sceneries and amenities present. Price. This refers to the changes of the different amenities. Promotion. This refers to the building image of theme park. Rides. This refers to Carron Dream Liner (roller coaster) , Carron Dream Wheel, Voyager, Gear Shifter Bump n’ Splash Safety. This refers to the situation wherein there is what you call a hazard free zone. Services. These are the things that the guest can avail in a theme park. VIP Pass. This refers to â€Å"Ride All You Can† at theme park.

Kant Categorical Imperative

Kant’s Categorical Imperative Kant’s Categorical Imperative is made up of two formulations, Formula of Universal Law and The Formula of the End in Itself. The first formulation is best described by the following statement, â€Å"Act only according to that maxim whereby you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law without contradiction. † (Kant, 1785, 1993). What does this mean? A maxim is the fundamental rule of conduct or your moral belief upon which you chose to act. A universal law is a law that everyone must follow regardless of the outcome.How do we determine if the maxim can become universal? One of the first things to do is to ask yourself if it would be acceptable that everyone do the same thing that you are considering doing in that situation. We were given several examples in The Elements of Moral Philosophy and the one that made the most impact was â€Å"suppose a man needs money, but no one will lend it to him unless he promise s to pay it back-which he knows he won’t be able to do. Should he make a false promises to get the loan? † (Rachels, 2012).If this happened the maxim or universal rule would be anytime you need a loan tell a lie that you will repay it and you will get the loan. This is not something that everyone would be willing to do because you will no longer believe others when they tell you this statement and no one would be willing to make the loans. The second thing you should do to determine if the maxim can become universal is look at your answer to the first question. Did you say â€Å"yes, I think that everyone will do it? †. If so, then ask yourself if it makes rational sense to want everyone in the same situation to do what you are contemplating doing.If your answer was no to either question then your maxim cannot become universal law because it is not considered moral. Overall, based on Kant, an act is morally right only if the primary rule of behavior, which is how you decide to act morally, can constantly and universally relate to you and others. The second formulation is best described by the following statement, â€Å"Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end. (Kant, 1785, 1993). Basically, this means that morality consists of doing your duty to treat people, including yourself, and an end, never as a means to an end. Kant combined the second formulation with the first because we have a perfect duty to not use the humanity of ourselves or others merely as a means to some other end. Most ends are somewhat subjective because they need only be pursued if they are in line with some particular hypothetical imperative that a person may choose to adopt. (Categorical Imperative Explained, 2012).The second formulation also leads to the imperfect duty to further the ends of ourselves and others. If any person desires p erfection in themselves or others, it would be their moral duty to pursue that end for all people equally, so long as that end does not contradict perfect duty. The question of whether or not Kant adequately addresses the problems evident in comparison of the two formulations cannot be summed up with a simple yes or no answer. He makes a good argument for both sides just as he opposes both sides.The difference is whether or not we have the right moral sense to determine why and how our decisions affect ourselves and others. Kant shows that you have struggles when rationality and practicality are conveyed to cover the same matter. So after all this we ask the question, â€Å"How plausible is the theory? † I think that it is a logical theory that clearly assists in making decisions. It provides a plausible account of morality because you can look at others and have a tendency to complete your actions based on those of others. Kantianism is a more consistent theory because it ca n be universally applied to all.It is more believable because even if the penalties of carrying out an action aren’t necessarily the best, the individual is still obligated to perform the action because it is their duty to do so. Kant’s theory focuses on the motivation of actions and has a clear and distinctive set of universal rules, and is morally sound. Consequently, ethically and morally they are doing the right thing. Bibliography Categorical Imperative Explained. (2012, April 12). Retrieved from Everything Explained: http://everything. explained. at/categorical_imperative/ (1993). In J. W. Ellington, Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals (p. 30).Hackett. Kant, I. (1785, 1993). Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals 3rd ed.. . In J. W. Wllington. Hackett. Rachels, J. (2012). The Elements of Moral Philosophy. McGraw-Hill. Reason – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Reason Chicago: Reason – Wiki pedia, the free encyclopedia, http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Reason (accessed April 17, 2012). The Elements of Moral Philosophy. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://jamesrachels. org/78improvedsentences. htm Chicago: The Elements of Moral Philosophy, http://jamesrachels. org/78improvedsentences. htm (accessed April 17, 2012).

Sports Medicine Essay Rough Draft Essays - Medical Imaging

Sports Medicine Essay Rough Draft Essays - Medical Imaging Cooper Casamento Casamento 1 Ms. Vea Period 6 15 January 2016 Sports Medicine Essay Rough Draft In today's world, new technology is developing rapidly, especially in the medicine and sports medicine departments. These new forms of medicine that are being developed are being developed because many athletes are getting injured, they want to heal from these injuries faster, and they want to come back stronger from their setbacks. This sounds like a good idea, but some people are against the use of these new medicinal techniques, because they say these new medicines can ruin the body. 99 percent of these new techniques to heal faster do not hurt the body. This essay will explain how these new medicines and medicinal techniques are good things, and not bad things. Most new medicinal techniques and new sports medicines do not harm the body. An example of this is Theralase. Theralase is a laser that supplies lots of energy to the body in a short amount of time by shooting billions of photons of light at it, and this laser does not hurt the body. (Theralase, www.theralase.com). Another example of these new medicines not harming the body is Musculoskeletal Ultrasound. Musculoskeletal Ultrasound is like an X-Ray, but it is more in depth and it allows for doctors to see abnormalities that would not have been seen with just a regular X-Ray. It uses sound waves to produce images of the body. One of the main benefits of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound is that it allows for surgeons to do procedures on Casamento 2 patients easier because they have these new pictures. The best part is that this procedure is harmless, and it is quick and simple. (Ultrasound - Musculoskeletal, radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=musculous). Other than being harmless, these new medicines also have other benefits. Another benefit is that these new medicines are helpful to the body because they allow for the injured part of the body to heal faster. An example of this is Tommy John Surgery. Tommy John Surgery is a type of surgery that some Major League Baseball players have done on them, because it fixes up any problems that they have in their elbow. Instead of playing while they are injured, they can have this surgery done on them. Sometimes, the player who undergoes the surgery can come back even stronger than before. (Tommy John Surgery, webmd.com/fitness-exercise/tommy-john-surgery-ucl-reconstruction?page=1). Another example of the new types of medicines allowing for the body to heal faster is Regenokine. Regenokine is a treatment used to reduce chronic pain or arthritis. Famous athletes have used this treatment before, most notable of these athletes being Kobe Bryant and Alex Rodriguez. This procedure involves taking b ad tissue out of the body, and then processing it in a certain way, and then putting this tissue back in the body. It allows for faster healing, and even though it is currently unapproved by the FDA, it is still a legitimate and working procedure. Overall, the new types of sports medicine have many more benefits than detriments. These new procedures are harmless, they are quick and easy, they allow for athletes to heal faster, and some even allow for the possibility of the athlete coming back stronger than they were pre-injury. Williams, David. "Sports Medicine Goes High-tech." CNN. Cable News Network, 25 Oct. 2006. Web. 25 Nov. 2015. cnn.com/2006/TECH/10/12/sports.medicine/index.html> Carpenter, Les. "Report: 87 of 91 Former NFL Player Brains Have Tested Positive for CTE." The Guardian. 18 Sept. 2015. Web. 25 Nov. 2015. theguardian.com/sport/2015/sep/18/report-87-of-91-former-nfl-player-brains-have-tested-positive-for-cte> "Tommy John Surgery (UCL Reconstruction) and Recovery." WebMD. WebMD, 11 Feb. 2014. Web. 25 Nov. 2015. webmd.com/fitness-exercise/tommy-john-surgery-ucl-reconstruction?page=1>. Murray, Peter. "Regenokine: The Unproven Treatment That Professional Athletes Are Flying To Germany For - Singularity HUB." Singularity HUB. N.p., 24 Apr. 2012. Web. 25 Nov. 2015. http://singularityhub.com/2012/04/24/regenokine-the-unproven-treatment-that-professional-athletes-are-flying-to-germany-for/>. Belson, Ken. "Now Batting: A Stronger, Mandatory Helmet." The New York Times. The New York Times, 19 Feb. 2013. Web. 25 Nov. 2015. nytimes.com/2013/02/20/sports/baseball/now-batting-a-stronger-mandatory-baseball-helmet.html>. Pennington, Bill. "Doctors See a Big Rise in Injuries As Young Athletes Train Nonstop."New York Times 22 Feb. 2001: A1. Global Issues in Context. Web. 25 Nov. 2015. "Ultrasound - Musculoskeletal." RadiologyInfo. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2015. radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=musculous "Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous Tenotomy." N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2015. http://piedmontpmr.com/ultrasound-guided-percutaneous-tenotomy-3/>. "Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)-OrthoInfo - AAOS." Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)-OrthoInfo - AAOS. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Nov. 2015. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00648>. "Clinical Applications

Langue - Definition and Discussion

Langue - Definition and Discussion In linguistics, language as an abstract system of signs (the underlying structure of a language), in contrast to parole, the individual expressions of language (speech acts that are the products of langue). This distinction between langue and parole was first made by Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure in his Course in General Linguistics (1916). See more observations below. Also see: Linguistic CompetenceParoleSemioticsSignWhat Is Language?What Is Linguistics? Etymology:  From the French, language Pronunciation:  lahng Observations on Langue Saussure distinguished between; langue, the rules of sign system (which might be grammar) and- parole, the articulation of signs (for example, speech or writing), the sum of which is language:language langue parole While langue could be the rules of, say, English grammar, it does not mean parole always has to conform to the rules of standard English (what some people erroneously call proper English). Langue is less rigid than the phrase set of rules implies, it is more a guideline and is inferred from the parole. Language is often likened to an iceberg: the parole is visible, but the rules, the supporting structure, are hidden.(Nick Lacey, Image and Representation: Key Concepts in Media Studies. Palgrave, 1998) The language system [langue] is not a function of the speaking subject, it is the product which the individual registers passively; it never presupposes premeditation, and reflection only comes into it for the activity of classification which will be discussed later.(Ferdinand de Saussure, Course in General Linguistics, 1916; translated by Wade Baskin, 1959) Langue and Parole Langue/ParoleThe reference here is to the distinction made by the Swiss linguist Saussure. Where parole is the realm of the individual moments of language use, of particular utterances or messages, whether spoken or written, langue is the system or code (le code de la langue) which allows the realization of the individual messages. As the language-system, object of linguistics, langue is thus totally to be differentiated from language, the heterogeneous totality with which the linguist is initially faced and which may be studied from a variety of points of view, partaking as it does of the physical, the physiological, the mental, the individual and the social. It is precisely by delimiting its specific object (that is, of the langue, the system of the language) that Saussure founds linguistics as a science.(Stephen Heath, Translators Note in Image-Music-Text by Roland Barthes. Macmillan, 1988) Interdependency of Langue and Parole​Saussures Cours does not overlook the importance of reciprocal conditioning between langue and parole. If it is true that langue is implied by parole, parole, on the other hand, takes priority on two levels, namely that of learning and that of development: it is in hearing others that we learn our mother tongue; it manages to settle in our brain only after countless experiences. Finally, it is parole that makes langue develop: it is the impressions received by hearing others that alter our linguistic habits. Thus langue and parole are interdependent; the former is both the instrument and the product of the latter (1952, 27).(Claude Hagà ¨ge, On the Death and Life of Languages. Yale Univ. Press, 2009)

What to Expect in an Online Class

What to Expect in an Online Class Evolving web technology has made it possible to take a class or even earn a degree from a major university without ever sitting in a classroom. Some students take online courses as part of traditional degree programs. For example, I teach several of my undergraduate courses as both traditional on-ground classes and online classes. Online classes hold some similarities with traditional on-ground courses, but there are also many differences. Depending upon the school, program, and instructor you choose, your online class may entail synchronous asynchronous elements. Synchronous elements require that all students log in at the same time. An instructor might provide a live lecture using a web cam or might hold a chat session for the entire class, for example. Asynchronous elements do not require that you log in at the same time as other students or your instructor. You might be asked to post to bulletin boards, submit essays and other assignments, or participate with other class members on a group assignment. Communication with the Instructor occurs through: E-mailBulletin boardsChat roomsInstant messageVideo conference (like Skype)Telephone (sometimes) Lectures are taught through: Web conferencesTyped lecturesTeleconferencesBulletin boardsText chatStreaming audioRecorded lectures Course participation and assignments include: Discussion board postsEssay assignmentsConstructing web pagesCreating blogsCollaborating on wiki pagesTests (conducted online) What you need: Computer capable of streaming video and multitaskingPrinterHigh speed internet (no dial up!)Basic computer skills: Internet surf, downloading media, search, emailSelf-discipline and motivationRegular blocks of time Most online universities offer demonstrations for online courses on their web sites, which allows you to preview the virtual learning experience beforehand. An orientation class may be required by some schools, in which you will meet the instructors, staff, and other students. You will also learn about the technology used, available tools that are needed to get started, and resources available to online students, such as library facilities. Many online degree programs have residencies that require that students come to campus for one or more days every year.

System operation management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

System operation management - Essay Example This is a picture that extends to other sectors of the economy, whether it is the tourism industry, where some tourists get guidance from a digital tour guide, or one that is physically present. In the production sector, the use of computers in the process gets more prominent by the day (Katz & Koutroumpiz 2012). This section of the paper examines the importance of digitization to the manufacturing sector. The manufacturing industry forms the largest source of revenue for many economies in the world, especially first world economies (Friedrich et al. 2011). As mentioned earlier, the production industry has been privy to rapid digitization over the past few decades. This means that there is the use of intelligent machinery in place of human labour. Economists all over the world have had debates on the consequences of this. This is because, even though digitization means a more sophisticated production process, there is the fact that the introduction of intelligent equipment to the pro duction chain implies that there are fewer jobs for human labourers (Karim et al 2013). Despite this negative consequence of digitization, the positive implications of a digitized manufacturing industry are vast. ... This for the manufacturing industry means higher rates of production at lower costs (Sabbagh et al. 2012). In addition, machines can work for longer periods than human labour can; hence, the increased levels of production. Secondly, digitization in the manufacturing industry has revolutionized the method by which companies communicate with customers and stakeholders, and how they create brands (Karim et al. 2013). In the second economy, companies have learnt to rely more and more on social media for service production. One way in which this is made possible in the manufacturing industry is by providing avenues for customers to voice their opinions on certain products on social media, for example, on twitter. This enhances communication with the necessary clients and works towards building a brand. Another way in which the digital economy proves useful for communication is by providing consumers with the option to order custom-made products from manufacturers and, therefore, enhance c ustomer satisfaction (Sabbagh et al. 2012). Another advantage of a digitized economy over a physical economy is the way in which digitization has revolutionized operations. It is said that in America, one in four workers engage in telecommunication while at work (Katz & Koutroumpis 2012). Across the world, members of different companies have a means through which they reach workers in other continents. The effect that this has is that it increases competition between various organizations. In addition, companies are able to outsource some of their functions to companies in far away locations. This enhances efficiency across the manufacturing industry. Digitization is important for each aspect the manufacturing industry. In production, the

Digital revolution in the music industry Research Paper

Digital revolution in the music industry - Research Paper Example Nevertheless, the digital revolution has posed several challenges especially on management in the music industry. This has been mainly due to piracy and illegal downloading of music. Ways to mitigate these challenges have been found, for example introduction of legitimate downloading services and lawsuits for illegal downloading of music. The music industry has also restructured its strategies and focused on developments such as involvement in advertisements, computer games, the television, films, as well as sale of ringtones, which are alternative revenue streams. Industries are basically concerned with the production of goods for mass consumption. Apart from production, industries today are also involved in marketing and distribution of most of their products, which include intangible goods and services. The term music industry has had numerous definitions, which make the meaning of the term unclear. Some definitions suggest that song writers, producers, musicians, music publishers, and record companies form the core of the definition of the music industry. At this point, live music is regarded to be part of the performing arts industry. According to Wikstrom, â€Å"the music industry consists of those companies concerned with developing musical content and personalities which can be communicated across multiple media† (2009, p. 49). The music industry however constitutes recording, publishing, and live performance. The music industry began with the commencement of mass distribution and commercial use of music. The industrialization of music began in the late nineteenth century, and was marked by â€Å"mass production and organized marketing of musical instruments and sheet music copies, plus the organization of professional musical entertainment in the theatre, vaudeville show, music hall or dance hall† (Horn, Laing, Oliver, & Wicke, 2003, p. 251). The second half of the nineteenth century was marked by great expansion in the

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 12

Economics - Essay Example The second step entails getting training that may help an entrepreneur to identify the most suitable sources of business financing (U.S.Small Business Administration, 2013). Therefore, Sonny Erriccsson phone was identified as a product of study, whereby, its life cycle and future market scope has been discussed under the following subheadings. a). Specifically identify the product; its life cycle and the initial and future scope of the market intend to serve. The product in this case entails Sonny Erriccsson phone, this product falls under electronic and communication industry. Sonny Erriccsson phone entails five phases of product life cycle development namely; development phase, introduction phase, growth phase, maturity phase and finally, decline phase. The introduction phases focuses at creating awareness to both new and existing customers about the existence of Sonny Erriccsson phones. However, this stage tends to experience numerous challenges such as low sales volumes, low prof its, higher marketing and advertising expenses. On the contrary, is the growth phase, this phase involves creation of brand preference and market share. In addition, sales and profits tend to be higher in this phase as compared to the introduction stage (Grieves & Michael, 2006). In the fourth phase (maturity phase), marketers focuses at maintaining the already established market share through modification of Sonny Erriccsson phones to make its product more competitive. The final phase is declining phase whereby, the market has become saturated and the product start losing customer causing a decline in sales volume and profitability to decline significantly. Therefore, marketing managers may respond to this stage by either selling the business to a market niche or carryout phase withdraw before incurring losses (Grieves & Michael, 2006). b). Recognize and evaluate the market structure, degree of competition and the availability of substitutes initially and in the future, locally and globally for the proposed product. Sonny Erriccsson mobile is a wholly owned subsidiary of the parent company known as Sonny Corporation. Sonny mobile become part of Sonny Company through acquisition of Telefonaktiebolagate shares on 15th February 2012. The market structure for Sonny Erriccsson has been highly restructured with an aim of increasing future operational efficiency. For example, Sonny moved its operation structure from Sweden to Tokyo Japan. Additionally, the company CEO announced that sonny his company had integrated all its subsidiaries located in different regions to increase market share as well as to reduce operating cost. The CEO further issued a notification that to the Sony authorities in Sweden that the company was aiming to enhance efficiency by eliminating redundancy in the entire company (Sony Inc, 2012). The degree of competition in this market tend to be very stiff due to globalization and new scientific innovation hence, making different phone manufactur ers such Samsung, LG, Nokia, Motorola among other competitors who are continuously modify their products by adding more features to make their products more attractive before the eyes of the customers. In addition, there are numerous substitutes available in the market that can serve the same purpose as Sonny Erriccsson phones. For example; I pads, I phones and Samsung galaxy phones may act as a good substitute. The above substitute may not only serve the local meets but also

The Making of Disneyland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Making of Disneyland - Essay Example This discussion stresses that beneath this feeling of joy and happiness lay a grim reality that plagued United States at that time. The author’s main argument is the prevalence of racial discrimination in the country. This racism found its way right into Disneyland. The recreational park housed Fantasyland; an area perhaps found in dreams.   However the same park demonstrated the existence of racism, an aspect that can be a nightmare for many.  This paper discusses that the author cites numerous instances that establish the prevalence of racism in Disneyland. At the outset, the author states that akin to the postwar suburbs, Disneyland was not meant for the blacks and other minorities. The theme park was specifically meant for the white, middle class families. The entry fee was exorbitant and therefore only the affluent could afford to visit Disneyland and have a pleasurable experience. The high fee ensured that Disneyland was accessible to an â€Å"economically† ho mogenous group. Disneyland was located near new freeways. However, it was catering to the all-white neighborhoods that had emerged in the San Fernando Valley and Orange Country, claims the author. The author has categorically stated that Disneyland was not meant for the ethnic minority residing in the inner city. The most compelling evidence of racial discrimination inside Disneyland emerges from the fact that Walt Disney did not employ African Americans at the park. This policy continued till the civil right protests of 1963.

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 21

History - Essay Example On the other hand John Locke in his book the Second Treaties proves that an individual should have his own identity and thoughts. Moreover Karl Marx in his book â€Å"Communist Manifesto† mentions his view against capitalism. According to Marx, Locke’s documentation resembles more like capitalism. This essay brings out some important evidences about the argument of Locke against the interest of monarchs as represented by Machiavelli and Marx’s argument against capitalism as represented by Locke. As per the documentation and evidences mentioned by Locke in his book the â€Å"Second Treaties† there should be self dependency and individual rights assured to every people in a society. Locke did not argue literally about the monarch rule as represented as an interest of Machiavelli. Locke represented his ideologies about various aspects of the society during his period. Locke’s documentation seems argumentative by readers because of some lines mentioned in Chapter 3 of his book which is the state of war in his book. It says that â€Å"The Prince, who is a ruler, must control his people even by any ruthless means. By this statement Locke did not actually argue about Machiavelli’s interest he just wanted people to think differently and he wanted the society to be less dependent on some one. He wanted people to be perfectly free and one person should not be subjected to another person’s authority without his or her permission. However, according to Mach iavelli the world is full of people who are unworthy and can-not be trusted. If power is given in hand of common people they will end up making the society a worst place (Fukuyama 29). Hence people should be under the command of a leader who has a vision higher and greater than anyone else and a king should be able to take greater responsibilities. A ruler should not show kindness and mercy on each and every person as it can lead to social disturbance and can lead to developments of traitors. The

The Making of Disneyland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Making of Disneyland - Essay Example This discussion stresses that beneath this feeling of joy and happiness lay a grim reality that plagued United States at that time. The author’s main argument is the prevalence of racial discrimination in the country. This racism found its way right into Disneyland. The recreational park housed Fantasyland; an area perhaps found in dreams.   However the same park demonstrated the existence of racism, an aspect that can be a nightmare for many.  This paper discusses that the author cites numerous instances that establish the prevalence of racism in Disneyland. At the outset, the author states that akin to the postwar suburbs, Disneyland was not meant for the blacks and other minorities. The theme park was specifically meant for the white, middle class families. The entry fee was exorbitant and therefore only the affluent could afford to visit Disneyland and have a pleasurable experience. The high fee ensured that Disneyland was accessible to an â€Å"economically† ho mogenous group. Disneyland was located near new freeways. However, it was catering to the all-white neighborhoods that had emerged in the San Fernando Valley and Orange Country, claims the author. The author has categorically stated that Disneyland was not meant for the ethnic minority residing in the inner city. The most compelling evidence of racial discrimination inside Disneyland emerges from the fact that Walt Disney did not employ African Americans at the park. This policy continued till the civil right protests of 1963.

Biography of Labor Rights Leader Cesar Chavez Research Paper

Biography of Labor Rights Leader Cesar Chavez - Research Paper Example Chavez was a strong and efficient leader with high organization power. He could effectively influence the farm workers and convince them about the necessity of organizing and challenging the biased practices prevailed in the American socioeconomic systems. Chavez’s strong desire for freedom and his unmanageable resentment towards employee discrimination encouraged him to overcome every barrier before him. Cesar Chavez was posthumously awarded the US Medal of Freedom by the former President Bill Clinton. During the award presentation ceremony, Clinton said that Chavez faced â€Å"violent opposition with dignity and nonviolence† (as cited in The story of Cesar Chavez). Chavez’s life gives the message that hard work together with perseverance will certainly assist one to achieve one’s ambition. Cesar Estrada Chavez, the Mexican American, was born on 31st March 1927 at Yuma in Arizona in a middle class family of six children. At the age of 10, Chavez’s family lost its land due to the Great Depression, and therefore they became migrant farm workers. Chavez migrated across southwest throughout his youth and interacted with labors at vineyards and fields, where he witnessed the stressed facet of farm workers’ life. He left his education after his eighth grade and became a full time worker in the field in order to support his family. His education spread over 30 elementary and middle schools. Although he left the school after achieving the formal education, his insatiable intellectual curiosity motivated him to gain more knowledge. This intrinsic motivation influenced Chavez to continue to be genuine reader throughout his life and he was self-taught in many areas. In 1946, Chavez joined the US Navy and served the military in the Western Pacific. His military servi ce lasted almost two years and he returned to marry Helen Fabela who was a farm worker in the central California. As reported in the Congressional Record, V. 149, Pt. 1

Abrasive Flow Machining Essay Example for Free

Abrasive Flow Machining Essay 1. Introduction Abrasive flow machining (AFM) was firstly developed fifty years ago by Extrude Hone Corporation, USA. By using the liquid viscoelastic material with easy flowability made of polymer and abrasive grains, AFM can be used to polish, deburr and radius for the workpiece. There are three kinds of AFM: one-way AFM, two-way AFM and orbital AFM [1]. In this case to manufacture the cylinder heads, consider of two-way AFM is much more widely used and its technology is more mature, we also choose the two-way AFM to do the surface finishing. Schematic of two-way flow shows in figure below. Figure 1 principle of material removal mechanism in two-way AFM process [1] Prior to machining, liquid abrasive will be put into the lower medium cylinder, the designed fixture which clamping the workpiece will be fixed between two cylinders. The upper medium, lower medium cylinder and fixture will form a confined space. After heat the whole system to working temperature, by forcing the lower piston (usually by hydraulic), the liquid abrasive will be pressed into the channel formed by clamp and workpiece, then flow into the upper medium cylinder. After the stroke of lower piston finished, the upper piston will force the liquid abrasive back into lower cylinder [2], an operating cycle will be finished. See more: Beowulf essay essay 2. Three key elements of AFM 1) Machine tool Use to fasten the workpiece and fixture, and control the pressure applied on the workpiece, to adjust the degree of abrasive accuracy. 2) Liquid Abrasive Liquid abrasive is abrasive tool in the AFM, it should has following properties, a) Non-corroding and don’t adhere to the workpiece and human skin. b) Good adhesive properties between different abrasive grains. c) Be able to maintain the viscoelasticity for a long time d) Non-volatile and non-deteriorate after a long time preservation. e) Strong cohesion. For these properties, the conventional liquid abrasive is made from Semi-solid carrier which has viscoelasticity, flexibility and cutting property mixed with abrasive grains. Different intrinsic viscosities of different carriers, different types and size of abrasive grains can affect the final tolerance and roughness [2]. The most frequently used abrasives are silicon carbide, carborundum, Cubic Boron Nitride(CBN), aluminum oxide, the size of grain vary from 0.005mm to 1.5mm. Abrasive with high viscosity is mainly used to polish the walls of workpiece and large through-hole while low viscosity abrasive is primarily for radiusing the edge and polishing the small through-hole. 3) Fixture The function of fixture, a) Positioning and fixing the workpiece. b) Bearing clamping force for some workpiece. c) Constitute a channel for liquid abrasive with some machined surface of workpiece in suitable size and section. d) Realizing simultaneous machine multiple workpiece in one device. 3. Advantage of AFM, Abrasive flow machining has accuracy, stability and flexibility. It uses liquid abrasive to remove the metal material infinitesimally, deburr and radius the internal intersections of workpiece. At present, AFM is widely used in automotive industry and other manufacturing. The fundamental advantage of AFM is the liquid abrasive can reach the positions which are not easily be machined by tradition surface finish methods since the complexity of workpiece, polished surface evenly and in integrity, batch processing has the same result. These characteristics improve the performance of part, extend the working life, avoid the multifarious manual labour, and lower the intensity of labor. For example, when polish the intake-tube of vehicle by traditional process, the tube need to be cut into half, then welding after polishing, but using the AFM, cut and welding can be avoided [3]. 4. Geometrical and thermal effects. Viscosity of liquid abrasive will decrease when the working temperature enhances [3], and working ability of abrasive depends on its viscosity as the figure 2 shown. Figure 2 the machining effects of different viscosity of abrasive materials [5] Since cutting force is proportional to viscosity, so higher viscosity means stronger grinding ability, as a result abrasive with higher viscosity will get a better surface. In conclusion, temperature is a very important factor during the process. While the abrasive grains polish the surface, it will generate heat, enhancing the temperature as the figure 3 shown. Figure 3 Variation of rise in temperature of workpiece with number of cycles [4] The rise of temperature will make the working ability reduce. So cooling system is need during the process to ensure the best machined surface. Geometry of cylinder head also affects the result of surface finishing. Many small through-holes exist in the cylinder head, flow rate of abrasive is much bigger in these through-holes according to fluid mechanics, even these accelerations enhance grinding ability, but due to shearing force generated by abrasive being extrusion at narrow pass, it is evident that temperature will rise rapidly, lower the grinding ability. So geometrical effect need to consider when design a cylinder head. 1. Rhoades L.J., Kohut T.A., Reversible Unidirectional AFM, US patent number 5,070,652, Dec 10th, 1991. 2 Szulczynski, Hubert, Uhlmann, Eckart, MATERIAL REMOVAL MECHANISMS IN ABRASIVE FLOW MACHINING 3 Guizhen Song, THEORETICAL ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON ABRASIVE FLOW MACHINING 4 Rajendra K. Jain, V. K. Jain. Specific energy and temperature determination in abrasive flow machining process[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools Manufacture, 2001(41):1689-1704 5 Tang Yong, Zhou De-ming, Yang Gang, Machinability of Abrasive Flowing Machining. Journal of south china university of technology, 2001-9

Multiculturalism And Non Verbal Communication Cultural Studies Essay

Multiculturalism And Non Verbal Communication Cultural Studies Essay Every part of world follows different culture in all aspects such as business, education, food habits, etc. The world is full of confrontations between people who think, feel differently. Culture is not inherited it is learned. Intercultural studies teach us the cultural difference between people, so this is essentially needed for us to reach out globally, especially in business and workplace. To understand cultural phenomenon it is essential to use cultural paradigms .Cultural differences are unpredictable and confusing this leads to frustration for people who works in different culture head or global business customs. Migration from one culture to another culture is a big culture break which Is very difficult to cope up with it, for example, a manager from Sweden moves to Indonesia to manage an Indonesian company will be a big problem for both because Sweden is task-oriented work culture, but Indonesia is hierarchy-oriented work culture. Migrating from collectivism to individualist ic or vice-versa also have serious impact and face problems. Learning other culture means one should not change their character and mimic local culture, that would create even worse problems, so be yourself and respect local rituals, habits and tradition and act accordingly. Cultural dimensions are really important to know before making any joint ventures or partnership with other culture following people, because something which is good and correct in ones culture will be bad or wrong in another culture. For example, an American company joint venture with Japanese ,the meeting was held in Japan where American representatives his speech in a loud and expressive manner, this made Japanese tensed because speaking loudly and in expressive manner they consider as angry so this clearly shows cultural dimensions are really important and essential in intercultural studies and to understand cultural phenomenon. The culture is the way of living, human behavior is changes and it is depending upon culture. Human behavior differs from different culture, there are various risks of using culture as an example for human behavior in some culture using left hand for handshake or giving any documents is totally bad, but in some culture they prefer left hand when these two culture meet together there developed a negative impression on the human behavior and the culture. Trust between two cultural people gets lost which led to breakdown in business. In some culture women talking to others men expect their relation or friend is a crime especially in Muslim counties, on the flip side many culture men and women are considered towards equal and no restrictions for women. In country like India eating with the left hand is considered as a bad habit, but most westerners are left handed prefer eating in left hand. But these type of behavior is depends upon their culture one should not blame or comment on it. S o people going to global market should aware of all these cultural behavior and understand their culture to have a healthy business relationship. 2. COMMUNICATING NONVERBALLY Nonverbal communication is also called as body language that we communicate without using words at all. People of the other culture will misunderstand our body language just as they may misinterpret the words they speak or write. Fortunately however, we can learn highlights of another cultures nonverbal language much quicker than verbal language (Richard R Gesteland: 2002). Understanding nonverbal communication is very important if we if there is a different cultural meetings because body language of one culture is different and have different meaning in another culture, it may even create an negative impact on people. Nonverbal communication plays a great role in field of business even today. Cultures are varied like very expressive, partially expressive and reserved cultures each have different body language. There are four facets of body language which is very important in cross culture negotiations such as spatial behavior, touch behavior, eye contact and gestures. These play a k ey role in negotiating globally. These nonverbal communications is not only important in business field but also between nations, persons, etc. For example, Former Pakistan president Parvesh Musharaf visited India for a peace talk when there was a handshake with Indian president it was very light handshake, finally the peace talk was failed. This clearly shows how the body language plays an important role globally. The study shows that in business field worlds plays only 7% remaining 93% depends on the body language. Even one is very efficient in speaking can grab the audience attention, not having a good body language message is send to audience before the word goes. Personality development trainings or some business training always give main importance to the body language in first place. Lets see some of the examples of nonverbal communication which is misinterpreted from the other culture. Example 1- Once American business man visited Italy for a business meeting, they were travelling in a car heading to Milan from Florence. Italian colleague drove the car at 145km/hr, when the Italian started discussing about important negotiations, instead of looking the road he started to look American face and his reactions. This made American really scared and he started driving from the half the way. In expressive culture like Italy will like to read your eyes and face when they talk, direct eye contact is critical in their culture .On the other side intense eye contact means in many part of Asia such as Japan, Singapore, etc they think you are to intimidate them or stare them down. Eye contact is the prime factors in business dealings. Example 2- Raising eyebrows many international negotiators will encounter raised eyebrow in many parts of the world. Raising eyebrows is different meaning in different part of the world for North American raising eyebrow means interested, in Germany it means clever,for Filipinos it is a way of saying hello for Chinese it means disagreement .If a Filipino goes to china on a business trip and raised their eyebrow for saying hello, There will be a misinterpretation by Chinese which can cause problems in the talk. Example 3- Index finger pointing In east and south East Asia it is considered as rude to point anyone with forefinger instead can use whole hand flat with palm down. In country like India pointing index finger is considered as an insult, this not the case in American and European countries. When doing business with Asians this is the one of the important body language to be considered. Example 4 -Raising thumb is considered as a universal sign of saying great, but in German it represents numeral 1, But in eastern Mediterranean and parts of Europe it means rude sexual sign. One should be careful in the gestures and body language when going globally. These four examples are sample of body language and how it can misinterpret other culture. Nonverbal communication is critical in international business to overcome misinterpretation intercultural studies and knowledge is very important. 3. MULTICULTURAL TEAMS Multicultural teams has become common because of lot of joint venture organizations globally and outsourcing of the big companies, for example Swedish company joint venture with Japan company, where both Swedish and Japanese tend to work together ,solve problem together. These types of multicultural grouping have lot of positives and also have many challenges because of cultural variations. In this essay we will see about lot of dimensions like how to improve peoples intercultural conflicts, how to get effective cooperation among multicultural team, etc. Multicultural teams are very effective in improving creativity and innovation, it provides better decision making, for example, in an American -German joint venture Germans are technically very rich so they can guide the company in technical way whereas Americans known for their marketing and management skills can reach their market globally. Problem solving either it may be old or new, people coming from multiple cultures can provide better solution. This kind of grouping also minimizes pressure in the work place which occurs when there are like minded people works together. There is a big chance of market opportunities, increasing productivity, expansion of organization, increases business image, multicultural team is critical for success of organization. There are more challenges to face in multicultural teams it can be a success of organization or it can create major crash in organization. Diverse group confronting different values, experience, educational systems, character mainly language. These mingle of various culture creates lots of differences between each other which is leading to internal conflicts, these are mainly because of communication problems. There is a greater possibility of frustration and dissatisfaction in job leading to high turnover of team members. The diversity in the team often having problems in reaching consensus and taking decisions, this is due to ambiguity, miscommunication, and language barrier. When there is a meeting where decision have to be taken, it leads to never ending debate, diversity in agreement of specific plans, etc, these problems paves way to major drop in productivity so there is a mistrust between organization and workers these causes stress in the organization .Another important fact or is people of same culture tend to go along well because of same language, values, background creating inferiority complex with heterogeneous culture peers. Different culture have their own values to follow these values also create great impact on the team performance. For example, A German-British joint venture company where Germans consider technical competence is a high value prepared very wee for the meeting, where as the British in turn skimmed through the papers and shared their point of view. This made Germans more irritated and commented British have lacking technical knowledge which made them to ask stupid questions the example clearly shows cultural values may even affect the relationship between fellow partners. In task-oriented culture specific job is given to individuals where they tend to take whole responsibility if something went wrong. On the flip side collectivist culture the job is given people share their work and the final decision is taken by the boss if something went wrong individual is not blamed whole group takes responsible. When these two cultures mingle each other confusion occurs while working, it may go eve n worse when problem occurs affects the organization so badly. Managing the multicultural team is very important in an organization .If I was leading a team with multicultural peers, I would like to provide proper training to the team mates where they will learn values of different cultures, other cultural dimensions. In my point of view learning cultural dimensions will give background of other cultures, dissolves problems like miscommunication, etc. Insisting lots of group discussions which makes tem members to learn lot of stuffs like tolerance, views, etc. Encourage lots of interaction between peers which ultimately results in growing friendship and make them work comfortably. As a leader one should be more professional verbally, should teach juniors should not boss them, equality should be maintained between all members, trusting the fellow members are the prime factor for effective cooperation. Specific task should be structured, Communication skills should be developed, and the art of patience should be developed between team members. The se factors create effective cooperation in team and make the work place healthy and successful environment. Intercultural competence is a process of how we perceive others and how they perceive us. Intercultural communication competence is basically important in work place, developing the communication skills is the prime way to achieving it. Specific knowledge about the subject should be trained. Culture, religious beliefs, sensitive issues of other religion, importance of values should be trained. Team integrity should be developed to make team members comfortable working with fellow peers this can be done by group discussions, games where all the team members involving and performing specific task .social skills should be developed, equality among the members should be developed, the ability to maintain relationship. These factors really help in improving intercultural competence in a multicultural team. 4. WOMENS SITUATION IN BUSINESS Women situation is different in different area; this is because of the culture in their countries. Unlike men it is not easy for women to enter into the business world even though they are more skillful. They need to their maximum output to prove themselves; these kinds of practices are mostly seen in hierarchical cultures. In Muslim countries women are not allowed to enter into business, their job is to take care of the house and children. If a women working in Muslim country they should be very careful in their way of dressing, ways in maintaining relationship with fellow mates. Women are facing many challenges than men in business and all fields, Men may try to give comments on women beauty, hair, etc which may be disgusting to hear this leads to frustration in work. In some male dominant culture, women are not allowed to develop after a certain level even if they are more eligible than the opposite sex. Equal opportunity is not given to women this is because mens think women are slow moving and take decisions late. Most women are given job like receptionist, secretary, etc. Security issues are major problem for women in some countries secured floors are especially build for women entrepreneurs to avoid problems. After a business meeting women representatives are not allowed to enter parties showing difference of gender which will affect social and relationship (partys are meant for gluing relationship).In some cases women are not allowed to share their idea in a meeting male managers dominate without getting views of fellow mate this may also affect the or ganization. In some places maternity issue also plays a major role restricting women to grow in an organization. Moreover majorly women faces sexual issues and threats these are majorly in low developed countries. The prime factor is to develop a self confidence and courage is needed for women in business field, women can accord status in business situation by developing professionalism, strong relationship, learning the culture, code of conduct and values other culture who they are doing business with. Strong communication skills and dominant knowledge is also essential. Female are given equal importance in field of business especially in countries like Sweden, Denmark, Norway, USA, and other European countries. To overcome the problems women facing in business field can be overcome easily. Women should like a reserve manner with business colleagues, being over-friendly and open might cause problems. When entering hierarchical culture, prefer higher rank official to give introduction and explain their qualification before starting a meeting this makes people in the meeting to get attention .In Muslim country women can also be successful by knowing their culture and acting according to it, women must be very careful in dressing and have to keep good relationship with colleagues ,interact in professionalism ,have to be subtle and non threatening manner. If a people tried to use words in wrong sense should not react to that. If a male colleague tried to put hand and take advantage instead of creating problems a big no is more than enough to end the problem. Women should be more courageous in business field than man .Deal the problem patiently, consult and make decision with fellow workers. Do n ot wear jewels and carry lot of money when going to under developed countries. Before going to place where they practice other culture try to study their culture and act accordingly. Thrash your inferiority complex when entering male dominant society. The world is changing and there are more women entrepreneurs coming some of them made a very big impact in business field. Equality in gender is already following in lot of countries, mainly in developed countries. Still there are many countries where they are fighting for women rights. To avoid this inequality proper education is given to people and the law should enforce for equality between genders. For example in Sweden women are given equal importance in every field which made them high in success ratio than in male dominant culture.

The Role of Genetics in Alzheimers Disease Essay -- Alzheimers Disea

The Role of Genetics in Alzheimer's Disease The call came at 9:05 p.m. on January 20, 2004. Mom had just finished telling the news about the girl's grandfather. He had Alzheimer's Disease and was not doing well at all. The ruling was that he probably would not make it through the night. She knew exactly what the news was the moment her mom said, "No." After the news came, the decision was made they would leave the next day to attend the funeral. This girl began wondering, "If grandpa had Alzheimer's do I have a chance of getting it too? What can I do to avoid getting it? He suffered so much, I don't want to go through that." What if a person's genetics have something to do with whether or not they will get Alzheimer's? What are possible ways to prevent the onset of Alzheimer's disease? Genetics might have something to do with whether or not one will get Alzheimer's but their chances of avoiding the disease are better if they take care of themselves. Let us start with some general history and facts and then proceed to the specifics. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is named after a German doctor, Alois Alzheimer. He discovered the disease in 1906, while doing an autopsy on a woman who had died from an unusual mental illness. Dr. Alzheimer noted unique changes in the brain tissue (U.S 1995). His findings included clumps, which are also known as plaques, and tangled fibers, also called neurofibrillary tangles. These findings have become "hallmarks of AD" (U.S. 1995). AD is now considered the most common form of dementia (Travis). Researchers from New York State did autopsies on 87 people who were seen at a dementia clinic to find out if any of them showed signs of a cerebrovascular disease. They all did and 87% of them also ... ...1 December 2003). Alzheimer's in the Family. Time. P 86-87 National Institute of Aging. (2002). Alzheimer's Disease: Unraveling the Mystery. National Institute of Mental Health (1994). Alzheimer's Disease: Decade of the Brain. P. 12-13. National Institute of Health. Nolan KA, Lino MM, Seligmann AW, et al. (August 1998). Alzheimer's may play a Greater role in 'vascular' dementia. Geriatrics. V. 53 Issue 8, p81, 2p. Shenk, D. (2001). The Forgetting Alzheimer's: Portrait of an Epidemic. New York: Doubleday. Travis, J. (20 September, 2003). A Surprising Role For Alzheimer's Proteins? Science News. V.152, Issue 12, p182, 2p U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (1995). Alzheimer's Disease. National Institutes of Health. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (1997). Alzheimer's Disease Genetics. National Institutes of Health

Solving Vertical and Horizontal Well Hydraulics Problems

A new generalized three-dimensional analytical solution is developed for a partially-penetrating vertical rectangular parallelepiped well screen in a confined aquifer by solving the three-dimensional transient ground water flow differential equation in x-y-z Cartesian coordinates system for drawdown by taking into account the three principal hydraulic conductivities (K _x, K _y, and K _z) along the x-y-z coordinate directions. The fully penetrating screen case becomes equivalent to the single vertical fracture case of Gringarten and Ramey (1973).It is shown that the new solution and Gringarten and Ramey solution (1973) match very well. Similarly, it is shown that this new solution for a horizontally tiny fully penetrating parallelepiped rectangular parallelepiped screen case match very well with Theis (1935) solution. Moreover, it is also shown that the horizontally tiny partially-penetrating parallelepiped rectangular well screen case of this new solution match very well with Hantus h (1964) solution.This new analytical solution can also cover a partially-penetrating horizontal well by representing its screen interval with vertically tiny rectangular parallelepiped. Also the solution takes into account both the vertical anisotropy (a _(zx)=K _z/K _x) as well as the horizontal anisotropy (a _(yx)=K _y/K _x) and has potential application areas to analyze pumping test drawdown data from partially-penetrating vertical and horizontal wells by representing them as tiny rectangular parallelepiped as well as line sources.The solution has also potential application areas for a partially-penetrating parallelepiped rectangular vertical fracture. With this new solution, the horizontal anisotropy (a _(yx)=K _y/K _x) in addition to the vertical anisotropy (a _(zx)=K _z/K _x) can also be determined using observed drawdown data. Most importantly, with this solution, to the knowledge of the author, it has been shown the first time in the literature that some well-known well hyd ra

Recasting the Role of the Ceo Essay

In the case study, â€Å"Recasting the Role of the CEO†, Vineet Nayar, Nayar used messaging to communicate to his employees while focusing the organization’s efforts on creativity and innovation, that address change and the adaptive challenge. He was responsible for preparing the firm, its members, and stakeholders for the future by fostering innovation and creativity through effective messaging. He was able to accomplish this by implementing a portal for the employees called â€Å"MyBlueprint†, and also my merging with a company called AXON. Different Ways Messaging Was Used  Instead of holding a live Blueprint meeting, HCL decided to have all three hundred of their managers record their business plans, which would then be posted on the MyBlueprint portal. Once all of the business plans were posted, they’d be open for review by another eight thousand HCL managers. The idea was to transform the planning process into a peer-to-peer review rather than a top-down judgment. (Nayar, 2010). After reviewing a few recordings, Nayar noticed the plans improved and were more efficient because the managers knew they would be reviewed by a larger number of people than in previous years. The managers were more honest in their assessment of current challenges and opportunities, and they talked more about the actions they would take to accomplish certain goals, as opposed to, what they hoped to accomplish. (Nayar, 2010). This internal messaging of the MyBlueprint portal had a huge impact on the future and innovation of HCL, because it allowed for employees to help each other and point their colleagues toward a recording that might be useful to them. Many of the employees within departments were able to discuss their futures with a better understanding of what’s required of them, and it allowed for the managers to make new connections with one another. Comments were posted about strategies being used, and that provided the managers with new perspectives and ideas. When new employees were hired, they had a place they could go to learn what the team was trying to accomplish and why. (Nayar, 2010). Everyone at HCL felt they were a part of the thinking and planning process. When HCL merged with Axon, Nayar used the concept of sharing responsibilities with the employees and business units in this merger. Nayar understood that acquiring AXON was going to strengthen HCL and help them to grow faster, because they were the largest and most successful independent SAP consulting company. Nayar didn’t force AXON to integrate into HCL’s organization, because he was well aware of HCL’s weaknesses so he only merged HCL’s SAP organization into AXON. (Nayar, 2010). By doing so, this allowed for HCL AXON to become extremely successful and the company experienced a great deal of growth in nine months. After seeing the positive results and advantages of the merger, the HCL AXON leadership team ended up running many other parts of HCL. Also, since Nayar continued to use the â€Å"Employees First, Customer’s Second† approach with this merger, they were able to acquire four more successful acquisitions in that year alone. (Nayar, 2010). External messaging was used by proposing this acquisition deal with AXON to plan for a better future for both companies. This allowed for AXON to leverage HCLT’s brand, customers, solutions, and innovations amongst other things. Effectiveness of Internal and External Communication When the company decided to have the managers record their business plans, it enhanced innovation and creativity on all levels. It gave the managers an opportunity to really analyze the challenges they faced on their teams, and to come up with realistic solutions as to how they’re going to solve them. It also gave them the opportunity to come up with realistic goals and solutions for their teams. The flood gates of creativity opened due to the recorded plans, because everyone had the opportunity to view them, so it llowed for different insights on strategies that were currently being used, and opinions on new strategies that could possibly be beneficial to the teams. â€Å"By involving the employees and giving them more power, choice, and information, they begin to believe that they can influence different situations and their outcomes. † (Hickman, 2010). The messaging was also very affective with the HCL AXON merger because HCL was successful before they acquired AXON, but once they merged, that made HCL’s brand stronger and allowed for innovation. The HCL AXON leadership team was so effective; they took charge of running many other parts of HCLT businesses after nine months of the acquisition. The merger generated such powerful results that four more successful acquisitions were completed in that same year. Effectiveness in Using Messaging to Prepare the Firm, its Members, and Stakeholders for the future Nayar was very effective in using messaging to prepare the firm, its members, and stakeholders for the future. The internal and external messaging was very affective for HCL in both cases. It proved that when a CEO focuses less on governing and more on enabling, the executive can accomplish much that might otherwise have been too risky to undertake. (Nayar, 2010). When the managers at HCL were required to post their business plans on the MyBlueprint portal, this was a form of workshop that allowed for all of HCL’s employees to be involved in, and discuss challenges and solutions that can be put into action. This also created a deeper understanding of each teams projects/tasks and how they fit into the overall objective of the organization. The managers now feel as though they have a sense of direction and they have the support of management as well as their peers. By using this form of messaging, it encourages the employees to communicate with their team members. Nayar was also effective with external messaging in reference to acquiring AXON. By acquiring the largest, most successful independent SAP consulting company in the world, this strengthened HCL and it allowed for them to grow. This acquisition prepared their employees, customers and stakeholders for the growth opportunities that were about to take place, whether it was internally or externally. Conclusion: Nayar had a responsibility to prepare his firm, its members, and stakeholders for the future. He was successful at this by fostering innovation and creativity through effective internal and external messaging. He found a way to communicate to the employees through a portal called â€Å"MyBlueprint†, which promoted innovation and creativity through an abundance of feedback from the organization. And he acquired a company called AXON which propelled HCL’s brand to new heights, and allowed for lots a growth and new business.